Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Antidiabetic Capsules Containing Standardized Extract of Ficus racemosa Bark

Abstract Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia resulting from impaired insulin secretion, insulin resistance, or both. Despite the availability of various synthetic antidiabetic drugs, limitations such as adverse effects, high cost, and incomplete glycemic control necessitate the exploration of alternative therapeutic strategies. Herbal medicines have gained considerable attention due to their multi-target mechanisms, safety profile, and cost-effectiveness. The present study focuses on the formulation and evaluation of herbal antidiabetic capsules containing standardized bark extract of Ficus racemosa, a medicinal plant known for its hypoglycemic and antioxidant properties. The study involves collection, authentication, and processing of Ficus racemosa bark followed by extraction using a suitable solvent system. The obtained extract was evaluated for its physicochemical characteristics and incorporated into capsule formulations using appropriate pharmaceutical excipients. The formulated capsules were subjected to standard evaluation parameters including weight variation, disintegration time, and physical characteristics to assess their quality and performance. The rationale of the study is based on the pharmacological potential of Ficus racemosa, which contains bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, and phenolic constituents known to enhance insulin secretion, improve glucose utilization, and reduce oxidative stress. This study aims to bridge the gap between traditional herbal medicine and modern pharmaceutical formulation by developing a standardized, patient-friendly dosage form. The findings are expected to contribute to the development of safe, effective, and affordable herbal antidiabetic therapies.