Nanoreactor-Mediated Covalent Anchoring Strategy for Robust, Fluorine-Free, and Multifunctional Superhydrophobic Textiles

and rapid photothermal response for solar-driven deicing. This work can be adapted into specialized oil-absorbing curtains or protective gear, providing a platform for anti-icing, oil collection, and antibacterial functions. This synergistic protection mechanism ensures the safe and continuous cleanup of oil spills in harsh frozen environments, providing a viable solution for complex marine governance.