Anti-Asian Racism: Developing a Brief, Reliable, and Valid Measure

We evaluated the dimensionality of an Anti-Asian racism (AAR) measure, informed the development of a brief measure, and validated a brief AAR measure. We conducted a national survey of 748 Asian American adults in 2023 (64.6% female). Bi-factor analysis was used to evaluate the dimensionality of the AAR measure, and Graded Response Models (GRM) informed the development of the brief measure of AAR. We also evaluated concurrent validity. The AAR scale is unidimensional. GRM was conducted to derive a brief (6-items), reliable, and valid measure of AAR. Our brief measure of AAR yielded valid and reliable scores, and was associated with firearm purchasing, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and appraisals of safety, demonstrating concurrent validity. The brief measure of AAR includes items related to subtle, blatant, and cultural racism. The brief scale offers opportunities for real-time, momentary assessments and opportunities to discuss AAR in the community health setting.