Exploring the HIV/AIDS management and healthcare delivery system in Baluchistan, Pakistan

Objectives: The objective of this study is to critically examine the human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) management and healthcare delivery system in Baluchistan, Pakistan. Through the insights of healthcare providers and patients, the research aims to uncover critical barriers and inform effective policy strategies to enhance care and support in this underserved region. Material and Methods: This study utilizes a qualitative research methodology to examine healthcare delivery service at Baluchistan HIV/AIDS centers, focusing on the experiences of healthcare providers and HIV-positive patients. Participants included a diverse group of 12 healthcare professionals (four doctors, six nurses, one management expert, and one pharmacist) and 18 HIV-positive individuals, providing a comprehensive view of the challenges faced in diagnosis, treatment, and support. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews, lasting 40–60 min; all the interviews were audio recorded with consent. Thematic analyses of the transcript were performed using QDA Minor Lite, highlighting key issues such as healthcare delivery services, social support, and mental health. Results: This study shows that access to HIV and AIDS treatment in Balochistan faces major problems due to limited resources and only three treatment centers in the entire province. A committed team of health workers provides care despite facing big challenges. These challenges include regular shortages of medicine, times when treatment stops due to healthcare worker strikes, and a serious lack of mental health support for patients. Furthermore, limited funds for programs and the high cost of travel from faraway villages make it hard for many people to get the care they need regularly. These findings highlight the immediate need for new, practical training for health workers, long-term and secure funding, and a stronger, more spread-out healthcare system to get better results for patients. Conclusion: Addressing HIV/AIDS in Baluchistan necessitates enhancing the healthcare delivery system and ensuring a consistent supply of medications. Certain essential efforts are necessary to reduce the stigma of HIV/AIDS, such as providing mental health support, training of healthcare providers, sustainable HIV/AIDS services, and better patient outcomes supported by long-term funding and improved/advanced policies.