Evaluation of the Capacity of Deployable Granular Anchors for Self-Burrowing Probes

In situ testing often faces challenges in locations in which large reaction systems cannot be mobilized. Self-burrowing probes with expandable anchors have been proposed to address this limitation, but previous studies have considered rigid anchors, which are practically unfeasible. This study explores a deployable anchor concept in which the anchor is filled with granular material that stiffens under suction and confinement. Existing analytical solutions for plate anchors and cavity expansion in sands and clays are used to assess the failure modes governing anchor capacity, which are compared with the expected penetration resistance. Results highlight key dependencies on soil type, anchor configuration, and loading conditions, which provide guidance for development of future probe prototypes.