Autologous Ear Reconstruction Utilizing Conventional Methods Continues to be a Classic Approach: Long-term Single-center Outcomes

Abstract Background: Auricular deformities, which are problems with the outer ear (the pinna), present some of the biggest challenges in reconstructive surgery. This complexity comes from the unique three-dimensional shape of the auricle, characterized by intricate cartilage folds, concave areas, and a delicate layer of skin. Most pinna deformities are acquired, often resulting from severe injuries, burns, or keloids. They can range widely, from complete avulsions of the auricle to minor cuts. On the flip side, microtia, a congenital ear malformation, affects about one in every six thousand live births. Objective: To reconstruct accurately and replicate the missing anatomical parts in terms of orientation, size, and key anatomical markers and to assess how effective an autologous rib cartilage graft is, with or without a temporoparietal fascia flap, covered by a split-thickness skin graft (STSG) in repairing auricular defects. Methods: Treatment options vary from letting the wound heal naturally to completely replacing the ear with either a prosthetic or using the patient’s own rib. In our study, we concentrated on two main procedures for total auricular reconstruction: the Brent and Nagata techniques, with the Nagata method being the more commonly used. Results: With the right training and skills in carving cartilage for the ear’s framework, we can achieve excellent esthetic results. This not only provides psychological support for patients with microtia but also helps boost their self-esteem. Conclusions: When done with the proper education and technique, ear reconstruction using autologous rib cartilage can lead to reliable and impressive outcomes.