GeoCetus: A Multi-Decadal Open Geospatial Infrastructure for the Continuous Monitoring of Marine Strandings in Italy

Marine turtle and cetacean strandings along the Italian coastline represent critical ecological events that require systematic documentation, yet historical data have suffered from fragmentation and poor accessibility across heterogeneous archives. GeoCetus addresses this gap by providing a unified national framework for the centralized collection, management, and open visualization of these data. The platform’s architecture integrates a spatially enabled database with a modern RESTful API, utilizing automated workflows to push data to a public GitHub.com repository. This system unifies historical and contemporary datasets, comprising over 4700 georeferenced records dating back to 1999, while ensuring data quality through structured validation, qualified contributors and reverse geocoding. The results demonstrate a significant improvement in data interoperability and democratization, with the dataset expanding by an average of 150–300 new records annually under a CC-BY-SA license. By adhering to FAIR Data Principles, GeoCetus offers the necessary infrastructure to support real-time operational responses and reproducible ecological analyses. We conclude that this standardized, machine-readable approach is essential for evidence-based national conservation strategies and effective environmental monitoring.