A qualitative study of changes and barriers in use of force reporting, training, and policy among law enforcement agencies

Police use of force (UOF) remains a major issue in the U.S., prompting national efforts to regulate policies in law enforcement agencies (LEAs). Qualitative studies on the content, quality, and enforcement of UOF policies and training are limited. Interviews with command staff from 25 U.S. LEAs explored changes in UOF policies and training and related challenges. Agencies reported policy adjustments but faced difficulties meeting requirements due to limited resources. Changes included greater use of scenario-based and de-escalation training. The study highlights the need for evaluation of policy and training effectiveness and discusses implications for improving UOF training and policy.