3D printing technology and its applications in rhinoplasty

Rhinoplasty can achieve both aesthetic and functional improvements by altering the internal and external structures of the nose. Given the complex anatomy and significant individual variability of the nasal structure, rhinoplasty requires high precision. 3D printing technology, with its advantages of personalization and rapid prototyping, is increasingly being applied in the field of nasal reconstruction. This technology allows for the creation of three-dimensional models from patient imaging data, enhancing preoperative planning and simulation, enabling custom prosthetic design, and providing intraoperative guidance. Additionally, it aids in postoperative evaluation and care, while providing preoperative training models for surgeons. Clinical applications demonstrate that 3D printing can shorten surgical time, reduce complications, and improve patient satisfaction. However, 3D printing still faces several challenges, including insufficient imaging accuracy, high costs, and technical limitations in bioprinting. Future advancements are needed in imaging and modeling technologies, the development of advanced biomaterials, and cost reduction to further enhance and expand the application of 3D printing in rhinoplasty.