A Novel Bandwidth Maximization-based Approach to Call Admission Control for Real-time Application in 3GPP LTE Networks

The continuous growth in the number of users of various communication networks, either wired or wireless, Real-Time (RT) or Non Real-Time (NRT); available network resources are always limited and so not enough for more request in addition to already existing calls. This goes on to leave so many call requests being rejected, dropped or delayed and so on thereby degrading the Quality of Service (QoS) experienced by users. Intensive effort to solve the problem of limited network resources have been done although with a common deficiency of time and bandwidth wastage in the existing Call Admission Control (CAC) schemes. This study proposes a novel model of call admission control schemes for real-time applications in 3rd Generation Partnership Program (3GPP) long term evolution (LTE) networks known as Bandwidth Maximization (BWM) CAC scheme, carried out with the aid of MATLAB R2020a, HP ProBook 6550b series, and LTE Network Data Logs amongst other materials. The performance of the proposed CAC scheme along various network parameters such as Bandwidth utilization, Blocking probability, Forced call termination and Handoff Call Dropping Probability (HCDP) were realized with the following as results: Blocking probability; 0%; Bandwidth Utilization; 76%; Forced Call termination; 2%; HCDP; 0.04%. The study concludes that the BWM-CAC scheme offers a more reliable and efficient solution for improving network performance in LTE systems Researchers recommend integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) in CAC mechanisms.