Incidence of The Risk of Ototoxicity in Patients Undergoing Treatment with Aminoglycosides

Hearing is considered one of the fundamental human senses and is essential for maintaining an adequate quality of life. Currently, hearing loss is recognized as a serious problem and is classified as a disability, with affected individuals being susceptible to social stigmatization and isolation. This condition may even lead to increased risk of accidents, such as traffic incidents, thereby generating additional complications for the patient. Aminoglycoside-induced ototoxicity is an irreversible adverse effect, typically presenting bilaterally and causing permanent sensory cell degeneration. Multiple mechanisms may contribute to its development during treatment with these drugs, ultimately leading to hearing loss. Although the exact mechanisms underlying this toxicity are not fully understood, reports of this severe adverse effect are increasing. Despite this, aminoglycosides continue to be widely used worldwide due to their low cost, availability, and effectiveness.