Post-diagnostic Inflammatory and Insulinemic Diet and Lifestyle Patterns and Risk of Prostate Cancer-Specific Mortality in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study

BACKGROUND: Few studies have investigated post-diagnostic proinflammatory, hyperinsulinemic, and insulin-resistant dietary and lifestyle patterns in relation to the risk of prostate cancer (PCa)-specific mortality (PCSM). METHODS: In 4,501 men diagnosed with nonmetastatic PCa from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, we investigated the empirical dietary inflammatory pattern, empirical dietary index for hyperinsulinemia, empirical lifestyle index for hyperinsulinemia, empirical dietary index for insulin resistance, and empirical lifestyle index for insulin resistance in relation to risk of PCSM. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: Over a median follow-up of 13.3 years starting at time of PCa diagnosis, we identified 281 PCa-specific deaths. None of the indices were statistically significantly associated with risk of PCSM. CONCLUSIONS: Our results do not provide evidence that post-diagnostic dietary and lifestyle patterns that promote inflammation, hyperinsulinemia, or insulin resistance are associated with risk of PCSM. IMPACT: Inflammation and insulin signaling have been implicated in PCa progression, but their associated dietary and lifestyle patterns were not associated with PCa survival in this study sample.