Palladium iodide – Catalyzed carbonylative double cyclization of (ω-hydroxyalkynyl)thiophenecarboxamides leading to new thiophene-fused heterocycles

• Unprecedented carbonylative double cyclization leading to thiophene-fused heterocycles. • Selective process occurring through sequential O -cyclization ‒ O -cyclocarbonylation. • Previously unknown products obtained in one step in 50–91% isolated yields. • Structures of six representative products confirmed by SC-XRD analysis. The reactivity of (ω-hydroxyalkynyl)thiophenecarboxamides under PdI2/KI-catalyzed oxidative carbonylation conditions has been studied. Under relatively mild conditions [1–5 mol% PdI2, 10–50 mol% KI, in a 2:1 (v/v) HC(OMe)3-MeCN mixture, under 40 bar of a 1:7 mixture CO-air, at 100 °C for 5–8 h], 3-(3-hydroxy-1-ynyl)thiophene-2-carboxamides were smoothly converted into previously unreported (Z)-5-imino-3,5-dihydro-1H-furo[3,4–b]thieno[3,2–d]pyran-1-ones through a carbonylative double cyclization route, involving an initial 6- endo -dig O-cyclization followed by cyclocarbonylation. Under similar conditions, isomeric 4-imino-4,6-dihydro-8H-furo[3,4–b]thieno[2,3–d]pyran-8-ones were obtained from 2-(3-hydroxy-1-ynyl)thiophene-3-carboxamides. The O-cyclization – cyclocarbonylation process could be successfully extended to the higher homologues [3-(4-hydroxy-1-ynyl)thiophene-2-carboxamides, and 2-(4-hydroxy-1-ynyl)thiophene-3-carboxamides], with formation of the corresponding (Z)-6-imino-4,6-dihydro-1H,3H-pyrano[4,3–b]thieno[3,2–d]pyran-1-ones and (Z)-4-imino-6,7-dihydro-4H,9H-pyrano[4,3–b]thieno[2,3–d]pyran-9-ones, respectively. The structures of six representative products have been confirmed by XRD analysis.

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Journal
Journal of Catalysis
Published
2026-04-26
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcat.2026.116918
Primary Topic
Sulfur-Based Synthesis Techniques
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00

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article

Palladium iodide – Catalyzed carbonylative double cyclization of (ω-hydroxyalkynyl)thiophenecarboxamides leading to new thiophene-fused heterocycles

Angela Altomare, Patrizio Russo, Bartolo Gabriele, Raffaella Mancuso et al.
Journal of Catalysis
Sulfur-Based Synthesis Techniques
article

Palladium iodide – Catalyzed carbonylative double cyclization of (ω-hydroxyalkynyl)thiophenecarboxamides leading to new thiophene-fused heterocycles

Angela Altomare, Patrizio Russo, Bartolo Gabriele, Raffaella Mancuso, Antonio Palumbo Piccionello, Haritha Kumari Arram, Nicola Della Ca
article en

Abstract

• Unprecedented carbonylative double cyclization leading to thiophene-fused heterocycles. • Selective process occurring through sequential O -cyclization ‒ O -cyclocarbonylation. • Previously unknown products obtained in one step in 50–91% isolated yields. • Structures of six representative products confirmed by SC-XRD analysis. The reactivity of (ω-hydroxyalkynyl)thiophenecarboxamides under PdI2/KI-catalyzed oxidative carbonylation conditions has been studied. Under relatively mild conditions [1–5 mol% PdI2, 10–50 mol% KI, in a 2:1 (v/v) HC(OMe)3-MeCN mixture, under 40 bar of a 1:7 mixture CO-air, at 100 °C for 5–8 h], 3-(3-hydroxy-1-ynyl)thiophene-2-carboxamides were smoothly converted into previously unreported (Z)-5-imino-3,5-dihydro-1H-furo[3,4–b]thieno[3,2–d]pyran-1-ones through a carbonylative double cyclization route, involving an initial 6- endo -dig O-cyclization followed by cyclocarbonylation. Under similar conditions, isomeric 4-imino-4,6-dihydro-8H-furo[3,4–b]thieno[2,3–d]pyran-8-ones were obtained from 2-(3-hydroxy-1-ynyl)thiophene-3-carboxamides. The O-cyclization – cyclocarbonylation process could be successfully extended to the higher homologues [3-(4-hydroxy-1-ynyl)thiophene-2-carboxamides, and 2-(4-hydroxy-1-ynyl)thiophene-3-carboxamides], with formation of the corresponding (Z)-6-imino-4,6-dihydro-1H,3H-pyrano[4,3–b]thieno[3,2–d]pyran-1-ones and (Z)-4-imino-6,7-dihydro-4H,9H-pyrano[4,3–b]thieno[2,3–d]pyran-9-ones, respectively. The structures of six representative products have been confirmed by XRD analysis.

Journal of CatalysisVol. 459
University of Parma (IT), National Research Council (IT), Institute of Crystallography (IT), University of Calabria (IT), University of Palermo (IT)
Ministero dell'Istruzione e del Merito
Openalex Percentile: Top 16%
Sulfur-Based Synthesis Techniques
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