Ecotoxicological assessment of photo-ozonation applied to emerging contaminants in single and mixed systems: evidence of increased toxicity after treatment
. In the plant assay, benzophenone exhibited cytotoxicity prior to treatment, while benzophenone, octocrylene, and their mixture displayed mutagenic effects. After photo-ozonation, increased cytotoxic and mutagenic responses were observed, and additional mixtures became toxic, attributed to the formation of transformation products. In the avoidance test, only the ethylparaben-benzophenone mixture produced toxicity to earthworms, although higher avoidance rates were noted in benzophenone samples following treatment. Taken together, photo-ozonation showed limited effectiveness in reducing ecotoxicity. Data demonstrated that treatment strategies need to consider mixture interactions and byproduct formation, reinforcing the need for optimized and environmentally safe advanced oxidation processes.
Authors
- Patrícia Aline Bressiani (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-4646)
- Luciano José Soave
- Ticiane Sauer Pokrywiecki (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7453-9373)
- André Demetrio Brustolim Broetto
- Osvaldo Valarini (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0150-9928)
- Anna Karolina Gomes Oliveira (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9872-0546)
- Ana Paula Peron (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2598-2621)
- Elisângela Düsman (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4483-5638)
- Daniela Caroline Antes
- Diego Espirito Santo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3979-0866)
- Clisley Marielly Ribeiro Lameira
- Bruno Henrique Drun
- Daniela Fatima Tamankievies
- Kaylana Angela Ramos Krüger
Institutions
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (BR)
- Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (BR)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health
- Published
- 2026-04-26
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1080/15287394.2026.2662562
- Primary Topic
- Advanced oxidation water treatment
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00
Funders
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico