Temporal Changes in Employee Happıness: An Analysıs From The Perspective of Demographic Factors

Employee happiness is a holistic reflection of an individual's emotional responses to their work, job satisfaction, and psychological well-being, and is considered a critical variable for organizational success. Today, changing working conditions, technological advancements, and the widespread adoption of flexible work models have led to employee happiness exhibiting a dynamic rather than a static structure. Accordingly, examining how employee happiness differs over time by demographic variables such as age, gender, education level, seniority, and position is of great importance. A review of the literature reveals that employee happiness is influenced by both individual and organizational factors and can vary over time. In this context, the aim of this study is to contribute to the literature by examining the temporal change in employee happiness within the framework of demographic factors. This study is a quantitative, comparative research project that analyzes changes in employee happiness over time. Within the scope of the research, the change in employee happiness is examined by comparing data from 2024 and 2025, and the study employs a longitudinal, repeated-measures design. The research findings are expected to contribute to the development of human resources policies and the creation of strategies to improve employee well-being. According to the findings, the average employee happiness scale score increased from 3.65 in 2024 to 3.77 in 2025, showing a generally limited positive increase. Analyses by gender showed no significant differences in employee happiness or sub-dimension scores for female participants over the years, whereas male participants showed a significant increase only in the working conditions dimension. Regarding age groups, no significant change was found for participants aged 25 and under and 46 and over, while significant increases in working conditions, self-actualization opportunities, and overall employee happiness scores were observed in the 26-45 age group in favor of 2025. In terms of seniority, no significant difference was found between participants with less than 1 year and more than 11 years of service, while a significant increase was observed only in the working conditions dimension for employees with 1-5 years of seniority. Overall, the findings indicate that the temporal variation of employee happiness differs depending on demographic characteristics, and this variation is particularly pronounced in the middle-aged and middle-seniority groups. Keywords: Happiness, Employee Happiness, Happiness in Work Life, Job-Related Well-being Perception, Positive Organizational Behavior.