HOW CANCER DIAGNOSIS AFFECTS PATIENTS' PSYCHOLOGY: ANXIETY, DEPRESSION, AND COPING MECHANISMS

Cancer diagnosis represents a major psychological stressor that significantly affects patients’ emotional and cognitive functioning. This study investigates the psychological responses of oncology patients, with a focus on anxiety, depression, and coping mechanisms. The aim is to evaluate how patients adapt psychologically after receiving a cancer diagnosis and to identify factors that influence emotional well-being. The study includes adult oncology patients with confirmed cancer diagnoses at different stages of disease progression. Standardized psychological assessment tools were used to measure anxiety and depression levels, while coping strategies were evaluated through validated psychological inventories. In addition, qualitative data were collected to explore patients’ subjective emotional experiences and adaptation processes. The findings demonstrate that a large proportion of cancer patients experience moderate to severe anxiety and depressive symptoms. Emotional distress is strongly associated with disease stage, age, and level of social support. Patients who use adaptive coping strategies, such as problem-solving, acceptance, and seeking social support, show better psychological adjustment compared to those who rely on avoidance or denial. The study also highlights the importance of healthcare communication in reducing uncertainty and improving emotional stability. Overall, the results emphasize that cancer diagnosis not only affects physical health but also leads to significant psychological challenges. Early psychological intervention and supportive care are essential components of comprehensive oncology treatment.