2026 Vol-6 Issue-1 | EFFECTS OF FOOD PRICES ON HOUSEHOLD FOOD SECURITY AMONG FARMING HOUSEHOLDS IN NORTHEAST NIGERIA

The escalating and unstable food prices in Nigeria threaten the food and nutrition security of vulnerable populations. Understanding how rising food prices affect household food access is especially critical in Northeast Nigeria where insecurity, widespread poverty and hunger are high. Hence, this study analyzed the effect of food prices on household food security among farming households in Northeast Nigeria using socioeconomic, price and food security data from General Household Survey (GHS) wave 4 post-harvest survey by the National Bureau of Statistic (NBS). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, line graphs and binary logistic regression. The study sampled 826 households from six Northeast states, distributed as Adamawa (28.45%), Bauchi (27.48%), Taraba (16.34%), Gombe (13.56%), Yobe (8.47%) and Borno (5.69%). Results of the analysis revealed that most respondents were adult male rural household heads with large families. Binary logistic regression results show that a ₦100 increase in the prices of eggs, beef, and rice significantly reduces the probability of household being food secure by 2.62%(p=0.000), 1.59%(p=0.005), and 1.80%(p=0.000), respectively, while a ₦100 increase in fish price increases it by 1.20%(p=0.002). Additionally, a one-unit increase in household size and the age of the household head decreases the likelihood of being food secure by 8.31%(p=0.000) and 0.29%(p=0.041), respectively. In contrast, higher food expenditure increases the probability of food security by 0.4%(0.000). The study concluded that price and demographic factors influence household food security and therefore recommends that government should stabilize staple food prices, enhance household food expenditure capacity and strengthen the fish value chain.The escalating and unstable food prices in Nigeria threaten the food and nutrition security of vulnerable populations. Understanding how rising food prices affect household food access is especially critical in Northeast Nigeria where insecurity, widespread poverty and hunger are high. Hence, this study analyzed the effect of food prices on household food security among farming households in Northeast Nigeria using socioeconomic, price and food security data from General Household Survey (GHS) wave 4 post-harvest survey by the National Bureau of Statistic (NBS). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, line graphs and binary logistic regression. The study sampled 826 households from six Northeast states, distributed as Adamawa (28.45%), Bauchi (27.48%), Taraba (16.34%), Gombe (13.56%), Yobe (8.47%) and Borno (5.69%). Results of the analysis revealed that most respondents were adult male rural household heads with large families. Binary logistic regression results show that a ₦100 increase in the prices of eggs, beef, and rice significantly reduces the probability of household being food secure by 2.62%(p=0.000), 1.59%(p=0.005), and 1.80%(p=0.000), respectively, while a ₦100 increase in fish price increases it by 1.20%(p=0.002). Additionally, a one-unit increase in household size and the age of the household head decreases the likelihood of being food secure by 8.31%(p=0.000) and 0.29%(p=0.041), respectively. In contrast, higher food expenditure increases the probability of food security by 0.4%(0.000). The study concluded that price and demographic factors influence household food security and therefore recommends that government should stabilize staple food prices, enhance household food expenditure capacity and strengthen the fish value chain.