2026 Vol-6 Issue-1 | TOXIGENIC ASPERGILLUS SPECIES AND AFLATOXIN CONTAMINATION IN MAIZE AND GROUNDNUT STAPLES FROM SOUTHWEST NIGERIA: IMPLICATIONS FOR FOOD SAFETY AND REGULATORY COMPLIANCE

Aflatoxin contamination remains a major food safety concern in sub-Saharan Africa, with significant health and economic implications in Nigeria. This study assessed mycotoxigenic fungi and aflatoxin levels in maize and groundnut samples from selected locations in Ondo State. Thirty-two samples were collected for the analysis, and fourteen mould species were identified, with Aspergillus niger, Fusarium verticillioides, and Aspergillus tamarii being the most prevalent. Toxigenic moulds were detected in the majority of samples. LC-MS/MS analysis showed aflatoxin levels ranging from 10.7 to82.8 µg/kg in maize and 13.2 to 63.6 µg/kg in groundnut. Samples with multiple Aspergillus species tended to have higher toxin levels. Many samples exceeded regulatory limits. The findings underscore the need for enhanced post-harvest handling, storage, and stricter regulatory enforcement to mitigate food safety risks.