Cassava production systems optimized for double output: Seed‐cuttings and root yields

Abstract Cassava ( Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a strategic crop for food security but continues to face major challenges related to low root yields and the lack of optimized systems for producing high‐quality seed‐cuttings. This study evaluated the effects of different planting densities, varieties, and agrochemical‐based seed‐cutting treatments (MandiPlus [MP] technology) on agronomic traits related to root yield and propagation material. Four field trials were conducted using the BRS Novo Horizonte and BRS Poti Branca (where BRS is Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation cultivar prefix [Embrapa cultivar designation]) varieties in a factorial design (4 spacings × 2 varieties × 2 MP treatments) arranged in a randomized complete block design. Plant spacing was the primary factor influencing most traits, significantly affecting early vigor, fresh and dry root yield, and the number of seed‐cuttings. The narrowest spacing (0.9 m × 0.4 m) resulted in the highest yields per area, reaching up to 63.23 t ha − 1 of fresh roots and over 285,000 seed‐cuttings ha − 1 , despite a reduction in the number of roots per plant. BRS Novo Horizonte showed higher root dry matter content, while BRS Poti Branca excelled in canopy cover and plant height. The MP‐treated mini‐cuttings (8 cm) resulted in agronomic performance comparable to that of untreated conventional seed‐cuttings (16 cm), while offering clear advantages in early vegetative development—particularly during the initial growth stages—and reducing propagation material requirements. The results suggest that high‐density systems, combined with MP technology, hold strong potential to intensify both root and seed‐cuttings production, particularly in resource‐limited and land‐constrained settings. These findings provide valuable insights for developing more efficient and sustainable cassava cultivation systems.