Research Progress in Coal Gangue-Based Geopolymer Composites: A Scientometric Review

HRMARS - This study adopts a scientometric approach to systematically review and critically analyze the research progress on coal gangue-based geopolymer composites, with an emphasis on their implications for sustainable resource management and low-carbon industrial development. Based on literature retrieved from the Web of Science (WoS) database, a total of 225 relevant English publications published between 2012 and 2025 were selected. VOSviewer was employed to visualize annual publication trends and author keyword networks, enabling the identification of research hotspots and emerging themes in this field. The results show that since 2019, publications have increased significantly, driven by environmental regulations and carbon reduction goals, highlighting the importance of integrating solid waste management with low-carbon construction materials. Furthermore, this study provides a comprehensive synthesis of the major research themes, including the design and performance of geopolymer binders, the synergistic activation mechanisms of multiple solid wastes, and their applications in erosion-resistant materials, high-temperature-resistant systems, and the immobilization of hazardous substances such as heavy metals and radioactive elements. From a management perspective, these studies highlight the potential of coal gangue-based geopolymers to support the circular economy, improve resource efficiency, and enhance supply chain sustainability. Finally, key challenges include performance optimization, durability, economic feasibility, and large-scale application. The environmentally responsible use of alkaline activators remains critical. Future research should focus on greener activation technologies, lifecycle management, and stronger policy–industry collaboration to promote wider adoption.