Measuring IgM, IgG, and C4 levels in children with recurrent bacterial infections

Several children have recurring bacterial illnesses that can last for long periods and have little prospect of recovery. A compromised immune system may be the cause on occasion, but other factors may include the environment they live in or a lack of care. The study's purpose was to determine how age affected children's immune blood factor levels. This study involved 45 children with recurrent bacterial infections and aimed to assess levels of specific immune components. These were IgM, IgG, and C4. In addition, both sexes had a complete blood count (CBC) at ages 1-7 years. The concentration of these components in the agar was determined by immunodiffusion, and the results were compared with those of negative control samples. Patients and controls had similar rates for the other immunological variables. When the entire blood count was compared to control samples, the white blood cell count (granulocytes, lymphocytes, and WBC) decreased. Still, the other immunological parameters remained unchanged between patients and controls. In contrast, when compared to control samples, the patients' IgM and C4 levels were much lower. Females showed lower WBC and granulocyte counts than males, and their IgM rates were lower. Compared with older ages and control samples, the first age group (ages 1-3) showed a noticeable decline in blood parameters, except for IgM.