Detection of the CsgA and CsgD Genes in Enterobacter Cloacae Isolates and their Function in Biofilm Formation and Drug Resistance

Background: Enterobacter cloacae is a gram-negative bacteria characterized by being a rod, motile, facultative anaerobic bacteria, possess many virulence factors that play an important role in the prevalence of this bacteria such as biofilm, sedrophore, and fimbriae. Objectives: this study aims to investigate some biofilm genes that contribute to cause disease and antibiotic resistance. Patients and Methods: This study was conducted on 300 samples involving 102 samples from hospitalized and 198 samples from non- hospitalized patient and this study was carried out from November 2023 to March 2024 in Diyala, Iraq. Results: This study revealed the presence of biofilm genes in E. cloacae bacteria, isolated from different cases (wound infection, UTI, burn infection and patients with blood bacteremia Conclusion: An alarming rate of drug resistance E. cloacae is on the rise, Bacterial factor including biofilms, fimbriae and molecular mechanism are in association with E. cloacae. Study shows up to 80-100 of clinical E. cloacae isolates may carry CsgA and CsgD. Keywords: Biofilm production, Enterobacter cloacae, CsgA, CsgD.