A Serotoninomic Framework for Reproductive and Integrative Toxicology: Molecular, Neurochemical, and Behavioural Perspectives on Permethrin Exposure

Serotoninomics, a nascent emerging discipline within the field of omics, provides a transdisciplinary framework for understanding reproductive toxicology via serotonergic signalling. This research investigates the neuroendocrine effects of permethrin, a commonly used pyrethroid insecticide often considered to pose a low risk to humans, and positions it as a model compound for evaluating reproductive susceptibility beyond conventional endocrine endpoints. It is hypothesized that serotonin, traditionally examined in neuropsychiatric contexts, plays an essential role in gonadal function, hormonal regulation, and emotional resilience. Although permethrins are generally regarded as safe, acute exposure may subtly interfere with serotonergic pathways, potentially resulting in molecular, biochemical, behavioural, and reproductive alterations. These effects could extend beyond immediate exposure, including during gestation, considering permethrins’ ability to cross the placental barrier and influence foetal development. By synthesizing evidence across molecular, organismal, and environmental domains, we advocate for a serotonergic approach to facilitate a more comprehensive assessment of risk and resilience. We emphasize the importance of fostering a transdisciplinary dialogue to redefine reproductive health through the perspectives of serotonergic vulnerability and systemic resilience.