Classifying parameters and target variables in incremental sheet forming of fiber reinforced polymers

Incremental Sheet Forming (ISF) enables the flexible creation of shell-shaped structures. Unlike conventional forming, ISF does not require a bespoke forming tool, greatly reducing upfront costs and lead times, especially for small lot sizes. Several parameter classifications for the ISF of metals and polymers have been proposed in the past. Such classifications increase awareness of possible levers for process optimization, guide experimental analysis, and enable a holistic understanding. Lately, fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP) are of increasing interest in ISF. In previous studies, ISF systems for various kinds of FRP have been developed, and several parameters and target variables have been investigated. However, there is currently no classification that addresses the specific parameters and target variables relevant to this material class. Therefore, the goal of this work is to develop such a classification to create a comprehensive foundation for future FRP ISF investigations. This effort is undertaken by building upon existing classifications and reviews independent of the material class and synthesizing these with a systematic literature review of FRP ISF investigations. The resulting classifications cover a broad range of parameters and target variables and reveal a structure that guides a systematic understanding and ensures future expandability.