Transforming the Execution of Administrative Court Decisions through E-Execution: Digital Breakthroughs to Strengthen Environmental Justice in Indonesia

Environmental justice and sustainable natural resource management in Indonesia are weakened by the ineffective execution of State Administrative Court (PTUN) decisions in environmental cases. Manual execution procedures, frequent non-compliance by defendants, and the PTUN Chairperson’s limited supervisory role reduce the practical impact of judicial rulings. This study proposes an e-execution mechanism integrated within the e-court platform as a digital breakthrough to strengthen the execution of administrative court decisions. Using normative legal research and case analysis—drawing on Supreme Court Cassation Decision No. 403 K/TUN/TF/2024 (Wawonii Island) and Judicial Review Decision No. 99 PK/TUN/2016 (Kendeng Hills)—the study finds that e-execution will significantly enhance effectiveness, efficiency, and transparency. Features such as electronic execution submissions, automated notifications, AI-assisted sanction enforcement, and blockchain-based transparency enable active oversight by the PTUN Chairperson while facilitating public monitoring through a digital dashboard. Compared to conventional manual execution, e-execution reinforces legal certainty, accelerates environmental protection, and supports Indonesia’s commitment to the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals. The study recommends regulatory reform, institutional capacity strengthening, and public outreach to ensure the inclusive and effective implementation of e-execution as a foundation for environmental justice.