Evaluation of Biomechanical Performance of Hybrid Composite Materials in Removable Prosthodontics, A schematic Assessment and Meta- Analysis

Background: Biomechanical Performance of Hybrid Composite Materials in Removable Prosthodontics is versatile properties based aspect. The objective of the systematic review and meta-analysis was to analyze the biomechanical performance of hybrid composite materials for removable prosthodontics.. Methods: The search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, with publication dates up to May 2025. Included studies were also screened in terms of reference lists in order to identify more eligible articles. In vitro experimental and comparative studies that evaluated hybrid composite-reinforced and unreinforced denture bases were selected. Two reviewers screened titles, abstracts, and full texts, and disagreements were sorted out by a third reviewer. The assessment of risk of bias was done using an adapted in vitro tool, and certainty of evidence was measured using the GRADE. Results: A total of twelve studies were included. The reinforced denture bases had a great effect on the increase of load-to-failure (SMD = 12.52; 95% CI: 3.56- 21.47; I2 = 95%). The heterogeneity was too high, and flexural strength was not significantly pooled to show any pooled difference (SMD = 27.32; 95% CI: -27.16 to 81.81; I2 = 97%). Subgroup analyses indicated that metal mesh and fiber reinforcements improved the fracture resistance, and flexural strength improvements were inconsistent. Conclusion: Hybrid composite reinforcement enhances fracture resistance, fatigue behavior, but flexural strength performance is different with the reinforcement type, material processing, and specimen.