Toward a Fundamental Re-contextualization of Physics: A Minimal Act Framework

This work proposes a conceptual framework for re-examining foundational notions in physics—namely space, time, matter, and interaction—by returning to a more primitive level: that of the minimal act. Rather than presupposing entities, fields, or spacetime as primary givens, the analysis begins from the conditions that make the occurrence of act possible. At this level, structure, act, and energy are not distinct categories, but coincide as aspects of a single underlying reality. From this starting point, the assumption of vacuum as an ontological separation becomes untenable, leading instead to a continuous structural framework in which differences arise as variations in the intensity of realization rather than as separations between independent entities. Within this continuum, the emergence of stable configurations—referred to as M-entities—is understood as the result of a transition from minimal realization to organized structural coherence. The internal dynamics of such configurations are characterized by a process of convergence toward maximal realization constrained by coherence limits, giving rise to a pulsatory pattern. This pulsation is proposed as the basis for the temporal genesis of time, while spatial structure emerges as a manifestation of internal gradients rather than as a pre-existing container. Interactions between such entities are reinterpreted not as exchanges of forces, but as processes of structural superposition, through which higher-order configurations—identified as elementary particles—arise. In this view, gravitation is not treated as a fundamental force, but as a large-scale expression of an immanent structural drive toward convergence. This framework does not aim to replace existing physical theories, but to provide a deeper conceptual substrate from which they may be reinterpreted. Its objective is not predictive power, but conceptual clarity: to address the conditions under which physical description itself becomes possible.