Multi-omics insights into SERPINE2-driven post-metastatic microenvironmental reprogramming in advanced cancers: implications for molecular targeting and immunotherapy

Metastasis remains the primary cause of cancer-related mortality, driven not only by intrinsic genetic alterations but also by dynamic reprogramming of the post-metastatic microenvironment. Recent advances in multi-omics technologies-including single-cell transcriptomics, spatial profiling, methylome analysis, chromatin architecture mapping, and proteomics-have reshaped our understanding of metastatic ecosystems and revealed key regulatory nodes that coordinate tumor progression. Among these, SERPINE2 has emerged as a convergent mediator across diverse cancer types. Multi-layered evidence demonstrates that SERPINE2 integrates tumor-intrinsic signaling and microenvironmental remodeling. Mechanistically, SERPINE2 stabilizes oncogenic receptors such as EGFR by inhibiting ubiquitination-dependent degradation, sustains downstream STAT3/ERK activation, and enhances DNA damage response through ATM phosphorylation and homologous recombination repair. Concurrently, as a secreted factor, SERPINE2 promotes cancer-associated fibroblast activation, M2 macrophage polarization, extracellular matrix remodeling, and angiogenesis, collectively fostering immune suppression and metastatic persistence. These dual tumor-intrinsic and stromal functions position SERPINE2 as a molecular hub in post-metastatic adaptation. Targeting SERPINE2 may therefore represent a paradigm shift in advanced cancer therapy by simultaneously disrupting oncogenic persistence, genome maintenance, and immune exclusion. This review synthesizes multi-omics insights into SERPINE2-driven microenvironmental reprogramming and discusses emerging therapeutic strategies integrating molecular targeting and immunotherapy in metastatic cancers.