Retroperitoneal cavernous lymphangioma in an adult: a case report and review of the literature

Lymphangiomas are rare benign lesions that seldom occur in the abdominal cavity. Retroperitoneal involvement is particularly uncommon and accounts for only 1% of all cases. We reviewed cases of retroperitoneal lymphangiomas reported over the past decade, among which cystic lymphangiomas were the most prevalent subtype. This study reports the clinicopathological characteristics and imaging findings of a case of primary retroperitoneal cavernous lymphangioma. Due to its atypical imaging manifestations, the preoperative diagnosis was retroperitoneal sarcoma. Through this case report, we aim to provide clinicians with additional insights into the pathological and imaging features of this disease.