Untapped potential: graduate students as catalysts in scientific discovery

There is no universal blueprint for assembling scientific teams or co-creating knowledge. Yet, one critical and often minimized component in team research is the role of graduate students. Although funding agencies increasingly require the inclusion of graduate students as project personnel, little is done post-award to evaluate or support their integration into a team's knowledge network. This neglect risks reducing graduate students to a transactional means of accomplishing project objectives rather than ensuring their genuine inclusion as knowledge contributors. This perspective article argues that graduate students are a missing or overlooked catalyst in scientific discovery teams. Using illustrative field cases and social network diagrams, we demonstrate the transformative impact of meaningfully integrating students and the high cost of their exclusion. Our preliminary observations suggest that graduate students can and do generate new knowledge, fulfill a multitude of roles on teams, and shape collaborative practices in distinctive ways through their influence in the network and the diverse perspectives and backgrounds that they bring to research teams. The article concludes with a roadmap to promote future research.