Generation of Tunable Q-switched O-band Pulses from a Pr ³⁺ :ZBLAN Fiber Laser using Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x based Thin Film

In this work, tunable Q-switched pulses in a Praseodymium-doped (Pr 3+ ) ZBLAN fiber (PDFF) laser operating in the O-band were demonstrated using a Ti 3 C 2 T X /PVA MXene SA as passive modulator. Stable Q-switched operation was achieved at a central wavelength of 1304.06 nm, with wavelength tunability of 15 nm enabled by a tunable bandpass filter (TBPF). As the pump power increased from 283.8 to 311.9 mW, the repetition rate increased linearly from 53.74 to 61.34 kHz, while the pulse duration decreased from 3.04 to 2.27 µs. A maximum pulse energy of 61.78 nJ and an average output power of 3.79 mW were obtained at the highest pump power of 311.9 mW, corresponding to the pulse peak power of 27.27 mW. To the best of authors’ knowledge, this study presents the first demonstration of a tunable Q-switched PDFF-based system to utilize Ti 3 C 2 T X /PVA MXene as passive modulator.