Integrated Infrastructure for Photovoltaics, Electric Vehicle Charging, and eVTOL Readiness in a Medium-Sized City: A GIS–MCDA Pipeline with AHP/WLC and Sensitivity Analysis in Juiz de Fora (MG)

Urban decarbonisation and the electrification of mobility require location decisions that integrate energy and transport infrastructure into a single agenda, especially in mediumsized cities in emerging countries. This article proposes and applies a GIS–MCDA (Geographic Information Systems and Multi-Criteria Analysis) pipeline to prioritise urban locations suitable for the phased implementation of integrated photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) charging hubs in the short term, incorporating the requirement for urban air mobility readiness (eVTOL-ready) in the medium term. The method combines explicit definition of technical, urban, and environmental criteria, weighting by AHP with consistency checking, normalisation to a common scale, and aggregation by WLC, as well as a sensitivity analysis based on weighting scenarios. The case study in Juiz de Fora (MG) evaluates five representative alternatives (UFJF, Praça Halfeld, Bus Station (Rodoviária), Benfica–Praça CEU and Aeroporto da Serrinha), resulting in a prioritisation map and comparative ranking. The findings highlight the coexistence of high-power, large-scale hubs (Bus Station and Serrinha) and territorial capillarity solutions (UFJF and Benfica), while dense centralities (Praça Halfeld) tend to be more suitable as service points than as large-scale PV generators. Finally, the article proposes a conceptual operational layer to connect the locational result to service design guidelines (AC/DC mix, queues, and potential role of storage), reinforcing the usefulness of the pipeline as a planning and governance tool for phased implementation.