IL-32 as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in cardiovascular disease

Cardiovascular diseases remain a leading cause of death worldwide, driven by complex pathological mechanisms involving various cytokines and inflammatory responses. IL-32, a recently discovered cytokine, has emerged as a key player in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. This review summarizes the biological characteristics of IL-32 and its role in cardiovascular diseases, explores its involvement in inflammatory responses and other pathological processes, and evaluates its potential as both a biomarker and a therapeutic target. Collectively, this review aims to provide new insights for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.