Prognostic nutritional index, Naples prognostic score and Osaka prognostic score as predictors of acute respiratory distress syndrome in non-diabetes mellitus patients with sepsis: a loss of predictive efficacy of NPS and OPS in diabetes mellitus coh

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) induced by sepsis is associated with uncontrolled immunoinflammatory responses and nutritional status. The purpose of this study was to explore the value of several prognostic scoring indices (Prognostic nutritional index (PNI), Naples prognostic score (NPS), and Osaka prognostic score (OPS)) in predicting ARDS risk among sepsis patients. Methods: 2089 sepsis patients were retrospectively enrolled, and divided into diabetes mellitus and non-diabetes mellitus groups based on the presence of comorbid diabetes mellitus. Baseline clinical data and laboratory test indicators at admission were collected, and the PNI, NPS, and OPS were calculated. The differences in PNI, NPS, and OPS between ARDS and non-ARDS patients were compared. Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the associations of PNI, NPS, and OPS with ARDS in septic patients. Results: = 0.004) was independently associated with ARDS, however, neither NPS nor OPS yielded statistically significant results. Conclusions: PNI, NPS, and OPS were predictive indicators for ARDS risk in sepsis patients without diabetes mellitus; however, NPS and OPS lack corresponding predictive value in diabetes mellitus cohorts.