Evolution and transmission landscape of the staphylococcal msrA gene mediating resistance to 14-membered macrolides and type B streptogramins

Introduction: in staphylococci remain insufficiently understood. Methods: , Tajima's D, Fu's Fs, FUBAR, MEME, and aBSREL), and conservation mapping using DnaSP in relation to MsrA functional domains (UniProt P23212). Linkage disequilibrium (LD) was assessed using ZnS, Za, ZZ, and Wall's statistics. Recombination and transmission pathways were inferred using GARD, RDP4-embedded algorithms, SplitsTree network analysis, and the PHI test. Results: . Conclusion: reservoirs to limit resistance to macrolides and type B streptogramins.