Shikonin and Co2+ self-assembled nanoparticles promote diabetic wound healing via antioxidant effects

-induced apoptosis rate from 25.1% to 10.31%. Animal experiments revealed that the nanoparticle-treated group achieved a wound healing rate of 95% by day 12, which was significantly superior to the control group. Co-Shik NPs effectively modulated inflammatory factors (reducing IL-1β and TNF-α, elevating IL-10), alleviated oxidative stress, and promoted collagen deposition and epidermal regeneration. This study provides a novel material for diabetic wound treatment, deepens the understanding of the biological activities of natural product-metal complexes, and holds significant theoretical value and application prospects.