Usage Intention Toward an Interactive Smart Mirror Exercise Program Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: An Application of the Decomposed Theory of Planned Behavior

Background/Objectives: Sarcopenia and age-related muscle weakness pose significant global health challenges, highlighting the need for innovative and sustainable exercise interventions for older adults. This study developed and evaluated an Interactive Smart Mirror Exercise Program and investigated the factors associated with older adults’ usage intention toward the program based on the Decomposed Theory of Planned Behavior (DTPB). Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 92 community-dwelling older adults in northern Taiwan. Structural equation modeling was applied to test the proposed framework and examine the relationships among the study variables. Results: The results showed a satisfactory model fit (SRMR = 0.071). Attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control together explained 41.6% of the variance in usage intention. In addition, perceived usefulness, perceived compatibility, interpersonal influence, and self-efficacy were identified as factors significantly associated with usage intention, both directly and indirectly. Conclusions: These findings might support the applicability of the DTPB framework in explaining older adults’ usage intention toward technology-assisted exercise programs and provide insights for the design and implementation of digital exercise interventions in community settings.