A One Health-Based Framework for Zoonotic Disease Surveillance Using Veterinary Clinical Data: A 9-Year Retrospective Study and Real-Time System Implementation

[Version 2 (May 2026 Revised) — submitted to Zoonoses journal as ZOO-2026-0046.R1, under peer review] Zoonotic diseases account for approximately 60% of all known human infectious diseases and nearly 75% of emerging infectious diseases. We report two linked components addressing this gap: a longitudinal analysis of 10,934 veterinary vaccination records (2017–2025) and the design of the One Health Zoonotic Disease Intelligence System (OHZDIS v2.1), a proof-of-concept prototype. Poisson regression revealed a significant upward trend in vaccination counts (IRR=1.103 per year, 95% CI: 1.094–1.111, p<0.001). A two-sample t-test comparing pre-pandemic (2017–2019) and post-pandemic (2022–2025) annual means confirmed a significant difference (t=−3.55, p=0.016, 95% CI: 92–1,235). Post-pandemic rates were 76.4% higher than pre-pandemic levels (1,533 vs. 869 cases/year), a temporal association coinciding with the COVID-19 pandemic; secular trends including regional pet ownership growth represent equally plausible explanations. Species-level disparities in rabies vaccination rates between dogs (11.4%) and cats (6.7%) were statistically significant (χ²=39.56, p<0.001), highlighting regulatory framework impact on zoonotic disease prevention. OHZDIS integrates five authoritative data streams (CDC, WHO, EPA, USDA, disease.sh) across 171 zoonotic diseases and is publicly accessible at https://guardian-watch.onrender.com/. Formal prospective validation against existing surveillance systems is identified as the immediate next research priority. CHANGES FROM v1 (April 2026):- Statistical methodology: OLS regression replaced with Poisson regression throughout- All numerical values verified against source clinical dataset (n=10,934)- Supplementary Table S1 fully populated (no PLACEHOLDER entries)- OHZDIS reframed as proof-of-concept prototype- Causal language replaced with temporal-association framing- Cover Letter and Response to Reviewers added- Figure 2 (previously missing) added- Section 4.7 retitled to "Exploratory Future Directions for U.S. Federal Integration"