Comparative effects of Baduanjin versus brisk walking on postural control and multidimensional functions in early-to-mid-stage Parkinson's Disease: a randomized controlled trial

Introduction: Baduanjin is a traditional mind-body exercise designed to modulate neural circuits and motor coordination. This study aimed to compare its rehabilitative efficacy against conventional brisk walking on postural control, motor, and non-motor functions in patients with early- to mid-stage Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods: A 12-week randomized controlled trial was conducted with 32 PD patients (Hoehn and Yahr stages 1-2.5). Participants were randomly assigned to either a Baduanjin group or a Brisk Walking group and underwent 40-min training sessions five times weekly. Primary outcomes included the Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III (MDS-UPDRS-III) and Berg balance scale (BBS). Secondary outcomes included Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), 39-Item Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) and objective gait parameters were quantified using wearable sensors during the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test and turning task. Results: < 0.05). Conclusion: Baduanjin training appears to offer greater improvements in motor symptoms compared to conventional brisk walking in patients with early- to mid-stage Parkinson's disease. Its integration of mindful movement and breathing techniques may particularly address core motor deficits in PD, providing a safe, accessible, and culturally acceptable non-pharmacological rehabilitation option. Clinical Trial Registration: ChiCTR2300069360 [https://www.chictr.org.cn/].