Analysis of Long‐Term Effects of Percutaneous Balloon Mitral Valvotomy (PBMV) in 90 Patients With Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis: A Retrospective Analysis

BACKGROUND: Analysis of the long-term effects of percutaneous balloon mitral valvotomy (PBMV) intervention in patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis. AIMS: To evaluate the long-term efficacy, safety, and hemodynamic outcomes of PBMV in patients with rheumatic heart disease and mitral stenosis through a 6-year retrospective clinical follow-up. METHODS: Ninety patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis treated in our hospital from January 2012 to 2017 were selected retrospectively. The changes of cardiac function grade before and 1, 3, and 6 years after intervention, left atrial diameter (LADd), mitral valve area (MVA), transvalvular pressure difference (MVG), pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PAPs), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and restenosis 1, 3, and 6 years after intervention were observed. RESULTS: Post-procedural NYHA functional class improved significantly compared with baseline (p < 0.05). NYHA class remained stable across 1-, 3-, and mid-term (6-year) follow-up visits, with no statistically significant differences between these time points. After 6 years of intervention, MVA and LVEF were still higher than those before intervention, while LADd, MVG, and PAPs were still lower than those before intervention (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the study cohort in terms of restenosis, complications, and cardiac adverse events at 1, 3, and 6 years after intervention (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The long-term effect of PBMV is good in patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis.