Advances in research on the effects of bile acids and their receptors on intestinal function

-catenin pathway activation-and systemic conditions such as obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and sepsis-related intestinal injury. Emerging therapeutic strategies aim to restore BAs signaling balance through next-generation receptor modulators, tissue-targeted delivery systems, microbiome-directed interventions, rational use of sequestrants, and synergistic combination therapies, thereby supporting the development of more precise and mechanism-based interventions. Future progress will hinge on interdisciplinary approaches integrating metabolomics, gnotobiotic models, and clinical translation to harness the full therapeutic potential of the BAs signaling network in gastrointestinal and metabolic health.