The predictive value of serum 25(OH)D, AQP4, and IL-4 levels for edema volume and clinical prognosis after traumatic brain injury

Objective: This study aims to explore the associations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), aquaporin 4 (AQP4), and interleukin-4 (IL-4) levels with brain edema volume and outcomes in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods: = 64). Multivariate logistic regression was employed to identify factors influencing TBI outcomes. Results: < 0.05). ROC curve analysis demonstrated that all tested biomarkers had prognostic value, with serum 25(OH)D on day 1 showing the highest predictive accuracy. Conclusion: Serum levels of 25(OH)D, AQP4, and IL-4 are significantly associated with brain edema volume in TBI patients. Among these markers, serum 25(OH)D levels on the first day post-injury serve as the most reliable prognostic indicator of patient outcomes.