Clinical Profiles and Prognostic Patterns in Critically Ill Cardiac Patients Requiring Invasive Mechanical Ventilation: A Five-Year Retrospective Cohort Study

Critically ill cardiac patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation exhibit distinct high-risk clinical profiles characterized by advanced age, cardiogenic shock, metabolic comorbidities, and the development of multi-organ dysfunction. These findings highlight prognostic patterns that may support risk stratification and generate hypotheses for future prospective studies in cardiac intensive care.