Environmental Adaptability, Nutritional Stability and Salt Tolerance in Sweet Potato ( <scp> <i>Ipomoea batatas</i> </scp> Lam.)—A Review

ABSTRACT Sweet potatoes ( Ipomoea batatas Lam.), a staple crop of global importance, are vital for food and nutritional security, especially in developing nations. But their continued production is threatened by unpredictable environmental variability, such as the increasing effects of climate change and rising soil salinity. This review highlights the urgent need to create better genotypes that exhibit consistent yield and nutritional quality under a range of stressful conditions and provides an overview of existing information regarding the challenges facing sweet potato production. We explore the complications of the genotype × environment (G × E) interaction, explaining its significant influence on yield stability, and describe sophisticated statistical techniques such as AMMI and GGE biplot analyses for evaluating it. The review highlights the significance of sweet potatoes for biofortification by thoroughly analysing their nutritional value and focusing on important bioactive substances like anthocyanins and β‐carotene (provitamin A). It also investigates how stable these chemicals are in different conditions. Furthermore, we address the emerging problems of soil salinity, detailing the physiological and molecular mechanisms of salt stress tolerance in sweet potato, and emphasizing the benefits and recent findings from controlled hydroponic screening approaches in identifying resilient genotypes. Lastly, this review combines three important characteristics—salt tolerance, nutritional stability and environmental adaptability—to provide a comprehensive strategy for creating sweet potato cultivars that are both nutritionally rich and adaptable to stress. We wrap up by highlighting future research directions for sweet potato breeding, such as the use of cutting‐edge phenomic, metabolomic and genomic tools, as well as the significance of climate‐smart agricultural practices and participatory breeding for sustainable sweet potato production.