Short-Term Effects of Structured Physical Activity With or Without Dietary Counselling in Early-Stage Chronic Kidney Disease Managed in Primary Care: A Non-Randomised Controlled Study

Structured PA, with or without dietary counselling, improved PA behaviour and selected patient-reported outcomes in early-stage CKD managed in PHC but did not demonstrate significant short-term effects on kidney-related outcomes. These findings support the feasibility of integrating lifestyle-oriented interventions into PHC as part of integrated CKD care, while larger, longer-term studies are needed.