Synbiotic supplementation modulates humoral immunity and cecal microbiota in broiler chickens exposed to subclinical doses of fumonisins and deoxynivalenol

> 0.05). On d35, FUM + DON increased the ratio of relative abundances of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes in the treatment groups, while synbiotic supplementation further increased the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio in the FUM + DON treatment group. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of synbiotics at 0.05% has supported mucosal immunity and altered cecal microbial composition and fermentation profiles in broilers exposed to subclinical FUM + DON, without affecting overall microbial diversity.