Mixed methods research to support the development of an evidence-based intervention for cognitive symptoms in menopause transition

OBJECTIVES: To explore cognitive difficulties experienced during the menopause transition, and preferences for a future psychosocial intervention to support these symptoms. METHODS: Mixed-methods study involving an online survey and focus groups with questions around participants' experiences of cognitive difficulties, support, and intervention development. Study posters were promoted through menopause support organizations and the University College London Menopause Mind Lab. Participants were perimenopausal and postmenopausal women, aged 40-60, with self-reported cognitive difficulties. RESULTS: Two hundred sixteen peri and postmenopausal women (average age: 51.8 y) participated in the online survey, and 16 in focus groups. Survey data suggested that 93% of participants rated their cognitive difficulties as bothering them mildly to severely, and many felt they needed additional support. Of the participants, 95% expressed an interest in attending a new intervention, with a mix of opinions regarding the practical aspects. There was a preference for the content to include psychoeducation and teaching of strategies, as well as peer and emotional support. For the focus groups, thematic analysis generated ten main themes across two sections. For the experience of menopause, these included: support, menopause awareness, emotional impact, impact on functioning, and menopause symptoms. For the intervention development, these included: impact, content, barriers, cultural considerations, and group characteristics and format. CONCLUSIONS: Study findings demonstrate the need for a psychosocial intervention for cognitive difficulties experienced during menopause. Data from this study will inform the development of an intervention, and further research should focus on testing its feasibility and effectiveness within this population.