Resveratrol and the neuroinflammation axis in Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, and cerebral ischemia

and animal studies, and clinical data remain limited. Moreover, the low bioavailability of RES and variability in dosing regimens represent important challenges for clinical translation. Therefore, although experimental findings support the potential neuroprotective role of RES, further well-designed clinical studies are required to determine its therapeutic relevance and safety in human neurological disorders. This narrative review was developed through a structured search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for articles published between 2000 and 2024, focusing on mechanistic, preclinical, and clinical investigations of RES in neurological disorders. This review synthesizes current evidence on the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effects of RES, with particular emphasis on its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory activities. By integrating findings from experimental and clinical research, the review highlights the potential of RES to modulate key pathways involved in neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation. Although further well-designed clinical studies are required to clarify its therapeutic efficacy and translational relevance, the available evidence supports continued investigation of RES as a promising candidate for neuroprotective strategies in neurological disorders.