Convergence rates for the vanishing viscosity approximation of fully nonlinear, non-convex, second-order Hamilton–Jacobi equations via nonlinear convolutions

Abstract We obtain new quantitative estimates of the vanishing viscosity approximation for time-dependent, degenerate, Hamilton–Jacobi equations that are neither concave nor convex in the gradient and Hessian entries of the form $$\partial _t u+H(x,t,Du,D^2u)=0$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>∂</mml:mi> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:mi>u</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> <mml:mi>u</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msup> <mml:mi>u</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> in the whole space. We approximate the PDE with a fully nonlinear, possibly degenerate, elliptic operator $$\varepsilon F(x,t,D^2u)$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>ε</mml:mi> <mml:mi>F</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msup> <mml:mi>u</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . Assuming that $$u\in C^\alpha _x$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>u</mml:mi> <mml:mo>∈</mml:mo> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> <mml:mi>α</mml:mi> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , $$u_0\in C^\eta $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>u</mml:mi> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>∈</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> <mml:mi>η</mml:mi> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , $$H\in C^\beta _x$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mo>∈</mml:mo> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> <mml:mi>β</mml:mi> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> and having power growth $$\gamma $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>γ</mml:mi> </mml:math> in the gradient entry, we establish a convergence rate of order $$\varepsilon ^{\min \left\{ \frac{\eta }{2},\frac{\beta +\gamma (\alpha -1)}{\beta +\gamma (\alpha -1)+2-\alpha }\right\} }$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>ε</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>min</mml:mo> <mml:mfenced> <mml:mfrac> <mml:mi>η</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mfrac> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mfrac> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>β</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mi>γ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>α</mml:mi> <mml:mo>-</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>β</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mi>γ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>α</mml:mi> <mml:mo>-</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:mo>-</mml:mo> <mml:mi>α</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:mfrac> </mml:mfenced> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> . Our novel approach exploits the regularizing properties of sup/inf-convolutions for viscosity solutions and the comparison principle. We also obtain explicit constants and do not assume differentiability properties neither on solutions nor on H . The same method provides new convergence rates for the vanishing viscosity approximation of the stationary counterpart of the equation and for transport equations with Hölder coefficients.

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Journal
Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations
Published
2026-04-21
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00526-026-03341-1
Primary Topic
Optimization and Variational Analysis
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article
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0.00

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article

Convergence rates for the vanishing viscosity approximation of fully nonlinear, non-convex, second-order Hamilton–Jacobi equations via nonlinear convolutions

Alessandro Goffi, Alekos Cecchin
Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations
Optimization and Variational Analysis
article

Convergence rates for the vanishing viscosity approximation of fully nonlinear, non-convex, second-order Hamilton–Jacobi equations via nonlinear convolutions

Alessandro Goffi, Alekos Cecchin
article en

Abstract

Abstract We obtain new quantitative estimates of the vanishing viscosity approximation for time-dependent, degenerate, Hamilton–Jacobi equations that are neither concave nor convex in the gradient and Hessian entries of the form $$\partial _t u+H(x,t,Du,D^2u)=0$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>∂</mml:mi> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> </mml:msub> <mml:mi>u</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> <mml:mi>u</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msup> <mml:mi>u</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> in the whole space. We approximate the PDE with a fully nonlinear, possibly degenerate, elliptic operator $$\varepsilon F(x,t,D^2u)$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>ε</mml:mi> <mml:mi>F</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>t</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msup> <mml:mi>u</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . Assuming that $$u\in C^\alpha _x$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>u</mml:mi> <mml:mo>∈</mml:mo> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> <mml:mi>α</mml:mi> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , $$u_0\in C^\eta $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>u</mml:mi> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>∈</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> <mml:mi>η</mml:mi> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , $$H\in C^\beta _x$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> <mml:mo>∈</mml:mo> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> <mml:mi>β</mml:mi> </mml:msubsup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> and having power growth $$\gamma $$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mi>γ</mml:mi> </mml:math> in the gradient entry, we establish a convergence rate of order $$\varepsilon ^{\min \left\{ \frac{\eta }{2},\frac{\beta +\gamma (\alpha -1)}{\beta +\gamma (\alpha -1)+2-\alpha }\right\} }$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>ε</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>min</mml:mo> <mml:mfenced> <mml:mfrac> <mml:mi>η</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mfrac> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mfrac> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>β</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mi>γ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>α</mml:mi> <mml:mo>-</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>β</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mi>γ</mml:mi> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>α</mml:mi> <mml:mo>-</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:mo>-</mml:mo> <mml:mi>α</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:mfrac> </mml:mfenced> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> . Our novel approach exploits the regularizing properties of sup/inf-convolutions for viscosity solutions and the comparison principle. We also obtain explicit constants and do not assume differentiability properties neither on solutions nor on H . The same method provides new convergence rates for the vanishing viscosity approximation of the stationary counterpart of the equation and for transport equations with Hölder coefficients.

Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential EquationsVol. 65(5)
University of Padua (IT), University of Florence (IT)
Università degli Studi di Firenze
Openalex Percentile: Top 5%
Optimization and Variational Analysis
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