Impact of Cattaneo–Christov Heat and Mass Flux on MHD Hybrid Nanofluid Flow Over an Extending Surface With Convective and Mass Flux Effects

ABSTRACT This study investigates the flow of a magnetized hybrid nanofluid over a permeable stretching surface. The mass and thermal transport within the system is regulated using the Cattaneo–Christov flux theory. The fluid is additionally subjected to thermophoresis, chemical reaction, Brownian motion, and activation energy effects. The governing equations are solved numerically using the bvp4c method. The key findings indicate that increasing the porosity parameter, magnetic parameter, and nanoparticle concentration reduces velocity in all directions. Temperature profiles rise with higher Brownian motion, magnetic parameter, thermal Biot number, thermophoresis factor, and nanoparticle concentration, but decrease with an increase in the thermal relaxation time parameter. Concentration profiles intensify with greater thermophoresis parameter, activation energy factor, and concentration Biot number, while they decline with higher chemical reaction factor, Brownian motion, and mass relaxation time parameter. Current results are authenticated through comparison with established data.